By: Herbert B. Bangura (Amb.)
Sierra Leone, a nation etched with the scars of a brutal civil war, has emerged as a beacon of hope in recent decades. Embracing democracy, the country has strived for stability and reconstruction. However, beneath the surface of progress, a sense of unease lingers. Deep-rooted challenges threaten the delicate balance of its young democracy, pushing it towards a precarious edge. So far there has been serious erosion of Trust, given the Corrosive Impact of Corruption.
Endemic corruption remains the most significant threat to Sierra Leone’s democratic fabric. It is disheartening to witness how powerful elites often exploit public resources for personal gain, diverting funds away from crucial areas like education, healthcare, and infrastructure development. This blatant disregard for the public good breeds disillusionment and erodes trust in the government. Despite the fact that internationally recognized institutions consistently rank Sierra Leone poorly on its Corruption Perception Index, reflecting the pervasiveness of the issue, little or nothing substantive has been done to save face. A 2022 report by Transparency International Sierra Leone, documented the misappropriation of millions of dollars intended for COVID-19 relief efforts. Such instances not only hinder the nation’s development, but also fuel public anger and create a breeding ground for social unrest, as we have witnessed in recent times, including the “failed coup attempt” on November 26th 2023.
As I attempt to draw everyone’s attention to this menace, let me shed light on the glaring gap of socioeconomic inequality and the frustrations of a young nation, once founded on the principles of Unity, Freedom & Justice. Sierra Leone grapples with a stark contrast between the wealthy and the impoverished. Despite boasting rich natural resources, a significant portion of the population live below the national poverty line. Youth unemployment remains alarmingly high, with limited access to quality education and job opportunities. This lack of economic mobility fosters a sense of despair and fuels resentment towards the political elite. Let me share with you a story.
Here is a story of Aïsha (not her real name), a 23-year-old university graduate, who exemplifies this struggle. Aïsha holds a degree in accounting but has been unemployed for over four years. “There are very few opportunities for young people like me,” she laments. “We graduate with high hopes, but the reality is harsh. It’s frustrating to see those in power enriching themselves while we struggle to survive, worst, we are compelled to align ourselves with political parties or else we never get a chance to a better life, a reason for which I believe many African youths are taking the dreadful journey through the Mediterranean seas and deserts in search of a better life in Europe and other places”.
Then came the June 2023 Multi-tier elections, which were allegedly marred with multiple irregularities. As if it is not too much to handle, here comes the erosion of Political Trust, a Crisis of Legitimacy, which leaves Sierra Leoneans dumbfounded and worried about the future of Democracy. Public trust in the political system is at an all-time low. Accusations of voter intimidation, lack of transparency and manipulation in recent elections have cast a shadow of doubt on the fairness of the process. Political parties are often perceived as out of touch with the needs of ordinary citizens, further widening the gap between the government and the governed. The 2018 & 2023 Presidential elections, marred by allegations of irregularities, are a stark example. The ensuing protests and violence highlighted the simmering frustration with the political establishment. This lack of trust weakens the legitimacy of democratic processes and can lead to apathy or even violent dissent in the future.
At this moment, we wish not to give up hope, even though it appears that we are being ignored, but we will continue to emphasize that the building blocks of stability is the Independence & Sustainability of our Democratic Institutions. A robust and independent judiciary is a cornerstone of any healthy democracy. However, Sierra Leone’s judiciary is still in its nascent stage, grappling with inefficiency and corruption. Law enforcement agencies similarly face challenges, with limited resources and training hindering their ability to effectively uphold the law. This weakens the rule of law and creates a sense of impunity, further eroding public trust.
Interesting to see how these politicians will go about shouting; Youth Power! Youth Power! Where is it? Let us take a look at the demographic challenge;
The Power of the Youth Bulge
Sierra Leone boasts of a young population, with over half under the age of 40. While this demographic presents a potential future workforce, it also creates a significant challenge if these young people lack education, employment opportunities, and a sense of hope for the future. This demographic bulge, if left unaddressed, can become a breeding ground for social unrest and a threat to stability. Well, the government will tell you they have empowered the youths, but the reality of the situation on the ground is contrary to such pronouncements.
Yes, we have made some progress in many areas, but the obvious questions on people’s minds are; is Sierra Leone as a Nation currently on the Brink, or a Nation in Progress?
The situation in Sierra Leone is undoubtedly concerning. However, it’s crucial to avoid hyperbole. The nation possesses a strong desire for peace and stability, as demonstrated in the resilience of its people, but the question is, how long will they endure? Civil society organizations are working tirelessly to promote transparency and accountability despite the fact that government through its agencies, is doing everything possible to shrink civic spaces and silence voices of dissent. The government, albeit slowly, is “theoretically” taking steps to address corruption and improve social services, even though billions of Leones (Millions of $) being invested in sectors like energy, but can’t provide sustainable energy supplies.
Collectively, I strongly believe that we will influence positive developments and build a Brighter Future, but not when we continue to deepen the tribal and regional divide and even attempting to infiltrate the once envied religious tolerance that the nation enjoys.
I am not trying to be pessimistic, but rather, calling a spade a spade. On another note, despite the challenges, positive developments offer a glimmer of hope. The Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) has stepped up its efforts to investigate and prosecute corruption cases, even though not much can be heard of cases such as the state vs. Clerk of Parliament etc. or persons considered to be politically connected to the powers that be. Initiatives like the Free Quality Education program aim to improve access to education for all children in the midst of missing (thousands of bags of rice) meant to boost the school feeding program. Investments in infrastructure projects, especially in rural areas, have the potential to boost economic growth and create jobs, but we cannot ignore the fact that these activities are not regionally balanced.
This article will not be enough to highlight all of the fragilities that arouse my suspicion for which the question is asked as to whether we are, as a nation, on the brink. However, let me also take a brief at the path forward, a Collective Responsibility that we all have to act now.
Sierra Leone’s journey towards a stable and prosperous future requires a collective effort from various stakeholders. The Government must desist from political interference and focus on Strengthening Governance Institutions. Government should prioritize reforms to enhance the independence and effectiveness of the judiciary and law enforcement agencies. Invest in training and capacity building for these institutions to uphold the rule of law and combat corruption effectively. We must all put premium on Promoting Transparency and Accountability. Implement robust anti-corruption measures, including strengthening whistleblower protection and fostering an environment where individuals feel empowered to report corruption. Increase transparency in government spending and decision-making processes to rebuild public trust. “No sacred cows”.
Invest in People regardless of their tribal, regional, political and or religious orientations. Allocate resources towards improving access to quality education and healthcare for all citizens, particularly in underserved rural areas. Foster inclusive economic growth by investing in critical sectors like agriculture, infrastructure development, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to create job opportunities, especially for young people. Engage with Civil Society and not pro-government established groups. Establish open communication channels and collaborate with civil society organizations to address critical issues like poverty, inequality, and corruption, regardless of your perception or disapproval of them. As Civil Society, we also have a huge responsibility to promote Civic Education, despite the already challenging working atmosphere. Educate the public about their rights and responsibilities as citizens, fostering a culture of active participation in democratic processes.
Build a strong movement at all levels for Monitoring Government Activities. Hold the government accountable by monitoring its actions and raising concerns about potential abuses of power or corruption.
Advocating for Change is never ending until we achieve a United, Just, Peaceful and Prosperous Nation. Advocate for policies that promote transparency, accountability, and inclusive economic development.
The International Community has been doing a lot, but we need more robust actions than words.
It is good to provide development assistance, but consider offering continued financial and technical support for initiatives that address poverty, improve education and healthcare, justice and promote sustainable economic development at notional and not sectorial levels. If the international community truly is passionate about achieving the SDGs and Agenda 2030, they must prioritize promoting Democratic Values. Encourage the government to uphold democratic principles, respect human rights, and conduct free and fair elections, otherwise let them be held accountable. Insufficient Support to Civil Society has been a challenge. The international community and development partners must provide resources and capacity building programs to empower civil society organizations to effectively play their role in promoting good governance and advocating for the needs of the people.
We cannot talk about these issues without mentioning the Private Sector.
The private sector must be made to invest in Sustainable Practices. The private sector needs to engage in responsible business practices that contribute to economic development, while creating positive social and environmental impacts. Supporting Education and Skills Development is very crucial. The private sector should collaborate with the government and educational institutions to establish training programs that equip young people with the skills needed to thrive in the job market. It shouldn’t be business as usual, but we must ensure Promoting Ethical Governance. Uphold high ethical standards and combat any involvement in corruption within their business operations.
As Individuals and productive citizens, we are all equally responsible partners, and we must seek to act accordingly.
Be an Active Citizen.
Participate in democratic processes by registering to vote, casting ballots in elections, and engaging in peaceful protests or advocacy efforts. Police the Police, Hold Leaders Accountable. Hold elected officials accountable by staying informed about their actions, raising concerns, and demanding transparency. Avoid tribal, religious and regional bigotry, promote Unity and Tolerance. Advocate for peaceful coexistence and respect for diverse viewpoints, fostering a sense of national unity and social cohesion.
It is undoubtedly true that by working together, all stakeholders can contribute to building a stronger, more democratic, and prosperous Sierra Leone. It’s a long and complex journey, but through collective action and a shared commitment to progress, Sierra Leone can navigate the challenges it faces and secure a brighter future for all its citizens.
About the Author:
Amb. Herbert B. Bangura has accrued over eleven year’s record of accomplishment with proven track records. His unwavering commitment to building a better future. From empowering women and youth leaders in postconflict zones to igniting entrepreneurial flames in developing communities, Herbert’s journey has been a tapestry woven with the threads of social change. Witnessing the resilience and hope amidst complex human challenges has fueled a passion within him – a passion to translate policy into action, to design development programs that are not mere blueprints, but vibrant ecosystems where individuals and communities blossom. Herbert is more than a manager of executive decisions; he is a bridge-builder, connecting the dots between ambition and impact.